When reflecting on a band as iconic and celebrated as Queen, it’s hard to believe they were once on the verge of becoming an answer to a trivia question about forgotten '70s rock bands. By 1974, after four moderately successful albums, Queen was riddled with debt, locked into a predatory contract, and backed up against a wall. The only way forward was to create a commercially successful blockbuster 5th album. History tells us that Queen pulled it off in spectacular fashion, despite crafting “A Night At The Opera,” contrary to common wisdom, and breaking every rule in the book.
As a band, Queen is among the most unusual standouts ever to thrive in the world of Rock and Roll. The band's musical style often varies wildly from song to song, and from one album to the next, frequently stepping outside the confines of Rock music entirely (without anyone really noticing). Record companies generally don’t put up with anything outside the box--“You’re last album sold, make another one just like it.” Somehow, Queen built their massive fandom on unpredictability, sculpting unlikely musical influences until they fit like a glove in the Rock Band format.
“If A Night at the Opera hadn't been a huge success, I think we would have just disappeared--we were making this album knowing it was live or die." ~Brian May
With all on the line, “A Night at the Opera” might be one of the most eclectic jaunts any Rock band ever dared set out on. It’s the kind of album that tests the limits of Rock music with such confidence and ferocity; you’d be tempted to think Queen deliberately set out to torpedo themselves.
Photo Credit: EMI
A Night At The Opera is a thoroughly mixed bag of Hard Rock, Progressive Rock (with a whimsical edge, usually forbidden in the prog rock world), and a host of other styles.
There are ballads, Music Hall “sing-alongs”, imaginatively created Dixie Land, and more than just a hint of “Operatic Drama.” Perhaps “Rock and Roll Cabaret” might be the most applicable term when attempting to categorize this uniquely outside-the-box classic. Maybe it's simply better to call it “genre-defying.” Although quite varied, the songs flow together like parts of a whole, rather than individual tracks. It’s melodic, emotionally mixed, complex (yet fun), satisfying, and certainly as diverse as any Rock and Roll album ever dares.
Now over 50 years since Queen’s release of “A Night at the Opera,” it’s safe to say it's an impossible success. The lead “Bohemian Rhapsody” seems to have its own fountain of youth built into its framework. Every 10 or 15 years, the song finds a new audience, notably Wayne’s World (1992), the biographical drama Bohemian Rhapsody (2018), and the 2019 comedy Good Omens, which used 4 of the album's tracks. Though not a strictly “Rock and Roll album, A Night at the Opera is one of Rock music’s greatest successes, elevating Queen to Superstar status. Accolades include two Grammy nominations, Queen's first certified Platinum album (UK and USA). The epic 6-minute Freddy Mercury-penned single “Bohemian Rhapsody” hit #1 in over 20 countries, and scored top 10 spots in the UK and the USA. As of 2018 (43 years after its release), Bohemian Rhapsody was ranked the most downloaded song in history.
Studer A80 24 Track 2” Tape recorder used by Queen at Rockfield “Quadrangle” studio
Creating “A Night At The Opera”
At the time of completion in early November 1975, A Night At The Opera took the dubious honors of being the most expensive record to create (approximately $370,000 in today's dollars). In dispute with management and Trident Studios, the bulk of the music was recorded at Rockfield Studios in remote Monmouthshire, Wales. Postproduction was completed mainly at Olympic Studios, London.
Queen pushed the limits of what was available in 1975. “A Night at the Opera” was created with the help of one of the first 24-track tape machines available, in the U.K. Queen used all 24 tracks (and then some) to make the otherwise impossible multilayered Guitar and Vocal orchestrations heard on “Bohemian Rapsody”, “Good Company”, “Lazing on a Sunday Afternoon”, “God Save the Queen” and elseware on this landmark Rock and Roll masterstroke.
Brian May’s Red Special (note the pickup switches) with an early Jennings Era Fawn Vox AC30, and Dallas Rangemaster Trebble Booster (Germanium overdrive) on top.
Guitars- The Red Special
Brian May’s father and son-built masterpiece, Electric Guitar (known as the Red Special), is an essential part of “A Night at the Opera”. It’s also a big part of Brian May’s instantly recognizable tone and Queen’s entire catalog. The stellar craftsmanship and design elements used to build the “Red Special” all contribute to its unique sound — but its raw versatility comes from an ingenious, far-ahead-of-the-times pickup wiring/switching system.
In 1975, Brian May’s now-iconic homemade guitar was probably the most electronically versatile in the world. The Red Special features three Burns Trisonic (single coil) pickups, wired in series or parallel. A feature that makes any combination of “true” humbucking and single coil tones available. Each pickup also features an individually controllable polarity (phase) selector. Any pickup combination can be set in or out of phase with each other- making that thin “between positions” quack just the flick of a switch away. All told, the Red Special can produce 14 non-redundant tonal combinations before the player touches the onboard volume & tone controls, outboard effects, or amp.
Altomusic’s note to players:
There have been several “official” authorized Red Special replicas available over the years, as well as many unauthorized re-creations. However, you don’t need to buy a “Red Special” replica (or Burns of London pickups) to enjoy the broad range of tonal options heard on “A Night at the Opera”. In fact, the guitar you already have (or maybe the one you have your eye on) can probably do the trick. Just a few examples are listed below.
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PRS SE Custom 24-08 Electric Guitar, Blood Orange
Fender Player II Modified Stratocaster HSS Electric Guitar - Dusk
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Charvel Pro-Mod DK24 HH 2PT Electric Guitar - Gloss Black
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Brian May in front of his famous Wall Of Vox AC-30 Combos
AMPS
The Vox AC-30 is undoubtedly one of Rock Music’s most loved and highly relied upon designs ever made. The AC-30 accompanied the Beatles in the studio and on stage during their touring years. It’s also the weapon of choice of the Edge, and is heard on every U2 album and live performance. It’s also the amp that was used to create Rock music's most iconic riff, when Richie Blackmore and Deep Purple unleashed “Smoke on the Water.” It’s even the driving sound behind Oasis, and the sonic mayhem of Iggy Pop and the Stooges.
Though an endless list of guitar heroes are known for using the timeless classic, Brian May is arguably the most noted champion of the legendary Vox AC30.
Altomusic’s note to players
May is known for using the normal (non-Top Boost) channel with the volume wide open, controlling the loudness and harmonic distortion with the volume pot on his guitar. Brian’s AC-30s were made before the “master volume” circuit, so this technique got pretty loud. The 30-watt AC-30 is surprisingly loud for a 30 Watt 2x12 combo. For comparison's sake, a Pneumatic jackhammer kicks out about 120 dB when tearing up a sidewalk. Still, it's no match for a fully cranked AC-30, which can produce volume levels over 130 dB. So…we definitely recommend using one of Vox’s modern master volume-equipped AC-30 combos if you are going to try capturing Brian May’s tone without blowing paint off the walls.
Vox’s current core models, AC30 and AC15, continue to deliver the classic sound and unmistakable voice — with modern features like a master volume and a half-power switch. The current line features a choice of Celestion green back speakers, or premium alnico blue bells (shown below)
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Vox AC15C1X 15-Watt Guitar Amplifier
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Vox AC30C2X Custom 30W Combo Amp
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Vox APBM Brian May Signature AmPlug
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Guitar Effect Pedals
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Treble Booster
The treble booster is an essential part of Brian May’s signature tone. The Dallas Rangemaster treble booster debuted in 1966 but was discontinued by the time A Night at the Opera was recorded. As a result, many modern guitarists are unfamiliar with the effect, and its name can be misleading. While it boosts high frequencies, it does so aggressively, behaving more like a raw germanium overdrive with emphasized upper mids. When paired with a dark-sounding amp such as an AC30, it adds rich harmonics and explosive gain. A recent resurgence has brought improved, more versatile treble boosters back to music store shelves.
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Wah
Brian May used an Italian-made JMI-era Vox Wah on “Opera,” but not in the traditional sense. May used the Wah more like a tone-shaping device, leaving the Wah “cocked” or “parked” at a particular frequency, opening up a world of harmonic overtones (especially with an overdriven amp). Thankfully, the vintage-style Wah has never gone out of style or production.
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Phaser
Brain's subtle use of the Phase Shifter is all over “Opera.” Like the Red Special, AC-30, and Treble booster, a phaser has always been a part of Brian May’s rig. A Night at the Opera featured the distinctive 6-stage Foxx Foot Phaser. Although Foxx pedals are long gone, plenty of great alternatives are available today.
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Deacey Amp
Queen bassist John Decan built a battery-powered mini guitar amp using parts from a discarded transistor radio he found. Brian plugged the power-pushing treble booster into the little amp, driving it into heavy distortion and sustain. Without the happenstance of the Deacey, Brian’s Guitar orchestration of “God Save the Queen” may have never come to fruition.
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Echo
A Night at the Opera pushed the limits of tape echo, particularly the Echoplex, into uncharted territory. Through creative sound-on-sound delay techniques, Queen achieved harmonized vocal and guitar canon passages using only a single voice or instrument. “The Prophet’s Song,” the album’s longest track at over eight minutes, showcases Brian May’s signature guitar tone and dense vocal harmonies. Midway through, all instruments drop out, leaving Freddie Mercury performing a vocal canon with himself. Because the Echoplex couldn’t provide a long enough delay, two machines were ingeniously linked across the studio with a single loop of tape—an ambitious, nerve-wracking solution that worked perfectly.
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Altomusic’s note to players
A tape delay is a wonderful-sounding “mouse trap” type of device, but the nature of such things is not very practical. Aside from the astronomical figures vintage Echoplex machines fetch, old-school tape delay devices are bulky and require regular maintenance. These days, some fantastic pedals can recreate the Echoplex and other vaunted but outdated, bulky tape-effects machines, right down to the lo-fi quirks and imperfections caused by aged tape and dirty heads.
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